Accessories

Planetary Concrete Grinders

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A planetary grinder turns on two levels at once: a large carrier plate rotates one way while the satellite heads carrying the diamond tooling rotate the other. Every point on the floor is therefore worked from several directions, and the machine leaves none of the arc marks a single-disc grinder shows across a whole building under raking light.

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The second effect matters just as much: tooling wears evenly around its circumference, so segments come down flat instead of wearing away on one side. That is why polished concrete floors are only ever produced on planetary machines.

Five machines are offered, from 460 to 820 mm working width and 2.3 to 18.5 kW, with stepless speed across 300–1950 rpm. The two smallest run from a 230 V socket; the largest need 400 V.

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Segments and pads are chosen separately — they are in diamond pads and segments. When to grind at all, and how to size a machine to the job, is covered in concrete grinders.

What the planetary head does that one disc cannot

On a single-disc machine the tooling sweeps one circle. Every point on the floor is worked from the same direction every time, which leaves a pattern of arcs — invisible close up, obvious under light raking along the slab. On a floor that is going to be polished, that pattern is permanent.

On a planetary head the carrier plate turns one way and the satellites carrying the tooling turn the other. Each segment's path is the sum of both motions, so the same patch of concrete receives successive passes at different angles. The arc pattern has no way of forming, and the surface comes out uniform regardless of how the machine is walked.

The second benefit is even tool wear. A segment spinning about its own axis abrades all the way round rather than on its leading edge. A set comes down flat, every segment keeps the same height, and pressure stays evenly distributed to the end of its life — which a single disc cannot achieve.

The price of both is mass and power. Driving several satellites needs a gearbox and a rigid frame, so a 460 mm machine in this class weighs 135–194 kg, not a few tens.

Planetary grinder specifications

Specification HTG-460 TA460-PV TA600-PV TGX858-RC THTG820-RC
Working width 460 mm 460 mm 600 mm 815 mm 820 mm
Motor 2.3 kW 3 kW 5.5 kW 15 kW 18.5 kW
Supply 230 V 230 V single-phase 400 V 400 V 400 V
Rated current — 11.8 A 19 A — 39.3 A
Speed 350–1500 rpm 300–1400 rpm 300–1800 rpm 350–1950 rpm 350–1950 rpm
Inverter — 4 kW 7.5 kW — —
Water tank 15 l 30 l 30 l 30 l 25 l
Added weight — 30 kg 30 kg — —
Weight 194 kg 135 kg 200 kg 595 kg 620 kg
Dimensions 1539 × 462 × 927 mm — — 2171 × 825 × 1904 mm —
Product page HTG-460 TA460-PV TA600-PV TGX858-RC THTG820-RC

The two 460 mm machines differ in construction rather than width: TA460-PV has a 4 kW inverter and takes 30 kg of added weight, while HTG-460 is heavier in itself (194 against 135 kg) with a smaller water tank. The first lets you set pressure to the task; the second delivers it from the start.

Speed and pressure — the two controls that set the result

Stepless speed is not a convenience. At low speed — the bottom of the range is 300–350 rpm — the segment cuts aggressively, which is how concrete is opened up, coatings are stripped and unevenness is taken out. At the top, up to 1950 rpm, the tooling begins to burnish rather than abrade, and that is where gloss comes from.

The second variable is pressure, which follows from machine mass plus any added weight: 30 kg on the TA460-PV and TA600-PV. More pressure means faster stock removal, but also faster segment wear and a greater risk that a bond which is too soft simply eats itself without progress.

Both are set together with segment hardness — which is chosen inversely to concrete hardness. The full explanation is in the parent category, concrete grinders; the tooling itself is in diamond pads and segments.

Power supply: the line falls at 400 V

Splitting the range into 230 V and 400 V machines is not about class but about the physical limit of a single-phase socket. The TA460-PV draws 11.8 A, so it fits a typical 16 A circuit — though with nothing left over for a dust extractor working beside it.

Above that, machines need three-phase: the TA600-PV draws 19 A and the THTG820-RC 39.3 A. That is no longer an extension-lead question but a site supply and distribution one.

The practical consequence when pricing a job: if the building has only single-phase sockets, the choice narrows to the two smallest machines whatever the floor area — and then it is the 460 mm width, not the budget, that sets the schedule.

How to choose a planetary grinder

Electricity first, square metres second

The order is the opposite of what intuition suggests: establish what supply the building has, and only then pick a width within that class. An 820 mm machine on a site without 400 V is useless, while a 460 mm machine plugged into an existing socket works from day one.

Check it can get in and the floor will take it

595 and 620 kg on the largest machines means a goods lift or a ramp, and on upper floors a check on the structural rating. The 135–200 kg machines go up a ramp with two people. In refurbishment work inside occupied buildings this decides more often than output does.

Consider the shape of the floor, not only its size

An 820 mm working width wins on an open hall, but in rooms with columns, recesses and narrow doorways it loses that to manoeuvrability. On a floor broken up by obstructions, a 460 or 600 mm machine finishes sooner, because less has to be made good along the walls afterwards.

Plan dust collection with the machine

Dry grinding without extraction is not acceptable — concrete dust carries carcinogenic crystalline silica. The extractor is sized to the machine rather than to the area and needs its own circuit; when working wet, collection moves to a slurry vacuum. The machines carry 15–30 l water tanks.

Questions and answers

What is a planetary concrete grinder?

A planetary grinder is a machine for working concrete floors in which a large carrier plate rotates one way while satellite heads holding the diamond tooling rotate the other. Each segment's path is the sum of both motions, so the same patch of floor is worked at different angles. In this range the working width runs from 460 to 820 mm, motors from 2.3 to 18.5 kW, and speed is stepless across 300–1950 rpm.

Why does a planetary machine leave no marks?

Because no point on the floor is ever worked from the same direction twice. On a single-disc machine the tooling sweeps one circle and leaves a pattern of arcs — invisible close up, obvious under light raking along the slab. With two counter-rotating levels that pattern has no way of forming. This is why floors destined to be polished are only ever ground on planetary machines.

Why does a grinder need stepless speed control?

Because speed decides whether the tooling cuts or burnishes. At low speed — from 300–350 rpm — the segment removes material aggressively, which is how concrete is opened, coatings stripped and unevenness taken out. At the top of the range, up to 1950 rpm, the tooling burnishes the surface and that is where gloss appears. One machine therefore covers every stage from stripping to polishing without swapping to another.

What is the 30 kg added weight for?

It increases tool pressure on the floor, and so the rate of stock removal. The TA460-PV and TA600-PV take 30 kg when hard concrete has to be opened or a thick coating stripped, and the ballast comes off again for finishing passes. More pressure also means faster segment wear, so the weight is not left on permanently — it is matched to the stage of work along with speed and bond hardness.

What power supply does a planetary grinder need?

The line falls at 400 V. The TA460-PV draws 11.8 A from a 230 V socket, so it fits a typical 16 A circuit — but with nothing left for an extractor working alongside. Above that class the machines need three-phase: the TA600-PV draws 19 A and the THTG820-RC 39.3 A. If the building has only single-phase sockets, the choice narrows to the two smallest machines whatever the floor area.

How do the HTG-460 and TA460-PV differ if the width is the same?

In construction and in how pressure is obtained. The TA460-PV weighs 135 kg, has a 4 kW inverter and accepts 30 kg of added weight, so pressure is set to the task. The HTG-460 weighs 194 kg, giving more down-pressure from the outset but without ballast adjustment; it also has a smaller water tank — 15 against 30 l — and a narrower speed range, 350 to 1500 rpm. The first is more versatile, the second simpler.

How heavy is a planetary grinder and how is it moved in?

From 135 kg on the smallest machine to 620 kg on the largest. The 135–200 kg units go up a ramp with two people and fit a goods lift. The 595 and 620 kg machines need a lift rated for them or a ramp, and on upper floors a check on the structural rating of the slab. In refurbishment inside occupied buildings this criterion decides the choice more often than output.

Is a wider machine always faster?

Not on a floor broken up by obstructions. An 820 mm width wins on an open hall, but in rooms with columns, recesses and narrow doorways a 460 or 600 mm machine finishes sooner, because it leaves fewer strips to make good along the walls and is easier to walk between obstacles. So floor area alone is not the criterion — shape and the number of obstructions belong beside it.

Related categories

When to grind and how to size a machine is covered by the parent category, concrete grinders. Segments, pads and adapters are in diamond pads and segments, and discs for single-disc machines in diamond grinding discs. Dust is collected by vacuums for grinders and scarifiers, and slurry from wet work by wet and slurry vacuums.